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MARC to BIBFRAME Conversion Guide

Updated 01/30/2026 12:04:31 PM by jason.blasczynski@clarivate.com
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Summary

Guide regarding MARC to BIBFRAME conversion in relation to Vega Discover. This document is intended to be a high-level overview of MARC to BIBFRAME concepts with additional documentation to follow.

Question

Where can I find a list of MARC fields used by Vega Discover and their conversion into BIBFRAME?

Answer

Table of Contents

  • Starting Resources:
  • BIBFRAME Class: Work
  • BIBFRAME Class: Instance
  • BIBFRAME Class: Item
  • BIBFRAME Concept: Agents
  • BIBFRAME Concept: Concepts

Starting Resources:

MARC Bibliographic Standards

BIBFRAME Conversion Specifications

 

BIBFRAME Class: Work

 

BIBFRAME concepts MARC Notes
type

Populated by the LDR(06) value, but possible to override based on one of the following 007 values:

  • Globe: 007(00)
  • Maps: 007(00)
  • Motion Picture: 007(00)
  • Nonprojected Graphic: 007(00)
  • Projected Graphic: 007(00)
  • Sound Recording: 007(00)

For example, a LDR(06) = a creates a work.type = text. If the same record contains an 007(00) = a (Map), that will change the work.type = Cartography. See BF conversion specs for full details.

Distinguishes between a defined list of work types (text, audio, moving image, etc.).
aspectRatio

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Motion Picture: 007(04)
 
classification

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • 050
  • 055
  • 060
  • 070
  • 082
Classifications are assigned a type value (e.g. classificationLcc), to distinguish between the different classification schemas. See conversion specs for more details.
colorContent

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Electronic Resource: 007(03)
  • Globe: 007(03)
  • Maps: 007(03)
  • Microform: 007(09)
  • Motion Picture: 007(03)
  • Nonprojected Graphic: 007(03)
  • Projected Graphic: 007(03)
  • Videorecording: 007(03)
 
creditsNote Populated by the 508 $a  
dissertation Populated by the 502 $abcdgo  
duration

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Visual Materials: 008(18-20)
 
genreForm

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Books: 008(24-30)
  • Books: 008(33-34)
  • Continuing Resources: 008(24-29)
  • Globe: 007(01)
  • Maps: 007(01)
  • Maps: 008(28)
  • Maps: 008(33-34)
  • Motion Picture: 007(09)
  • Music: 008(18-19)
  • Music: 008(30-31)
  • Nonprojected Graphic: 007(01)
  • Visual Materials: 008(28)
  • Visual Materials: 008(33)
  • 130
  • 240
  • 655

 
intendedAudience

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Books: 008(22)
  • Computer files: 008(22)
  • Music: 008(22)
  • Visual Materials: 008(22)
 
language

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • 008(35-37)
  • 041
  • 546 $a

The system supports storage of all language values that exist in the incoming MARC record.

The language codes pulled from 041 will have a part assigned, because each MARC subfield represents a different type of translation (e.g. summary, spoken text, table of contents, subtitles).

legalDate Populated by uniform titles (130, 240)  
marcLeaderKey Populated by the LDR(06) Non-standard BF field used to track the original MARC LDR(06) value to distinguish between musical and non-musical sound recordings.
musicFormat Populated by Music: 008(20)  
musicKey Populated by uniform titles (130, 240)  
musicMedium Populated by uniform titles (130, 240)  
natureOfContents Populated by uniform titles (130, 240)  
notation

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Continuing Resources: 008(33)
  • 546 $b
 
note    
originDate Populated by uniform titles (130, 240)  
supplementaryContent

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Music: 008(24-29)
 
summary Summary label is a concatenation of 520 $ab with a space between subfields. The summary source is populated by the 520 $c and $u. Summary information about the resource. For example, the book jacket description on a book.
title

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • 130
  • 240
  • 243
  • 245
Titles are assigned a type based on the MARC tag (e.g. 243= collective title). Title fields (e.g. mainTitle, subTitle, part) are populated according ot the BF specifications.
tableOfContents Concatenation of the 505 $agrt with a space between subfields  
version Populated by uniform titles (130, 240)  

 

BIBFRAME Class: Instance

 

BIBFRAME concepts MARC Notes
type

The instance type can be populated by the following MARC tags:

  • LDR (06-08)
  • Electronic Resource: 007(00)
  • BOOKS 008(23) = s or q

There can only be one instance type, so in the event of multiple there is business logic to determine which is the "winner." See the BF conversion specifications for the tags above for more information.

Distinguishes between a defined list of instance types (print, electronic, manuscript, etc.).

 

ONE Example - An instance would be classified as type = electronic if one of the following conditions is true:

  • LDR (06) = m, indicating a computer file
  • 007 (00) = c, indicating a computer file or electronic resource

Other conditions can also impact type. 

awards Populated by 586 $a  
baseMaterial

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Globe: 007(04)
  • Maps: 007(04)
  • Microform: 007(12)
  • Motion Picture: 007(12)
  • Nonprojected Graphic: 007(04)
  • Projected Graphic: 007(04)
  • Sound Recording: 007(10)
 
carrier

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Books: 008(23)
  • Computer files: 008(23)
  • Continuing Resources: 008(23)
  • Electronic Resource: 007(01)
  • Maps: 008(29)
  • Microform: 007(01)
  • Mixed Materials: 008(23)
  • Motion Picture: 007(01)
  • Music: 008(23)
  • Projected Graphic: 007(01)
  • Sound Recording: 007(01)
  • Visual Materials: 008(29)


 
cartographicAttributes

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Maps: 008(18-21)
 
classification

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • 086
Classifications are assigned a type value (e.g. classificationLcc), to distinguish between the different classification schemas. See conversion specs for more details.
copyrightDate Populated by $264 when second indicator = 4  
digitalCharacteristic

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Electronic Resource: 007(06-08)
 
dimensions

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Electronic Resource: 007(04)
  • Projected Graphic: 007(07)
  • Microform: 007(04)
  • Motion Picture: 007(07)
  • Sound Recording: 007(06-07)
  • Videorecording: 007(07)
  • 300 $c

 
duration Populated by the 306 $a  
editionStatement Populated by the 250 $ab Provides edition information about the instance (e.g. Illustrated edition or 2nd edition)
electronicLocator Populated by MARC 856 when second indicator is 0, 1 or 8. 856 $uyz are stored.  
emulsion

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Microform: 007(10)
 
extent

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • 300 $afg
 
fontSize

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Books: 008(23)
 
frequency

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Continuing Resources: 008(18-19)
  • 310 $ab
  • 321 $ab
 
generation

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Globe: 007(05)
  • Maps: 007(05)
  • Microform: 007(11)
  • Motion Picture: 007(11)
  • Sound Recording: 007(09)
 
genreForm

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Computer files: 008(26)
  • Computer files: 008(28)
  • Maps: 008(25)
  • Continuing Resources: 008(21)
  •  
 
hasSeries

Populated by the 490 $avx and 830 $anpvx

A series statement is created from the 490 $av. The series enumeration, identifier, uniform title and other values are populated according to the BF conversion specification.

 

Series information from the 490 and 830 MARC tags is stored in a `hasSeries` object on the Instance. The hasSeries object is only created if there is a 490$a in the record (no series info is stored if there is only an 830).

If there is only a 490 tag (no 830 tag) in the ingested MARC record, the hasSeries object contains:

  • label (490$a)
  • seriesEnumeration (490$v)
  • seriesStatement (490$a+$v)
  • identifiedBy.value (490$x) (type=issn)

If a corresponding 830 is present (paired to the 490 by order in file), the hasSeries object contains:

  • label (490$a)
  • seriesEnumeration (830$v, if present, else 490$v)
  • seriesStatement (490$a+$v)
  • identifiedBy.value (830$x, if present, else 490$x) (type=issn)
  • instanceOf.title
    • type = title
    • mainTitle (830$a)
    • partName (830$p)
    • partNumber (830$n)
    • label (830$adfgklmnoprs, concatenated with spaces)
    • marcKey (entire 830 tag contents)
identifiedBy

Assigned a "type" value to help distinguish between identifiers. Populated by the following MARC tags:

  • 010, type = LCCN
  • 015
  • 017
  • 020, type = ISBN
  • 024
  • 025
  • 026
  • 027
  • 028
  • 030
  • 032
  • 035
  • 074
  • 260 $d, type = publisher number
Assigns a type to each identifier so they are distinguishable (e.g. 020 = type isbn). See conversion specs for more details.
illustrativeContent

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Books: 008(18-21)
 
intendedAudience Populated by the 521 tag. The intendedAudience.label is populated by the $a. The intendedAudience.source is populated by the $b. And the intendedAudience.note is populated based on the first indicator value, which indicates reading grade level, interest age level or interest grade level.  
issuance

Populated by the following MARC tags:

  • LDR (07)
  • Maps: 008(25)

 
materialType Populated by 998 $d ILS assigned material type
media

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Electronic Resource: 007(00)
  • Microform: 007(00)
 
mount

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Nonprojected Graphic: 007(05)
  • Projected Graphic: 007(08)
 
note

Assigned a "type" value to help distinguish between notes. Populated by the following MARC tags:

  • Continuing Resources: 008(22), type = form of original item
  • Motion Picture: 007(16-22)
  • Visual Materials: 008(34), type = technique
  • 254 $a, type = musical presentation
  • 256 $a, type = computer file characteristics
  • 300 $b, type = physical details
  • 300 $e, type = accompanying materials
  • 500 $a, type = note (general)
  • 501 $a, type = with
The system supports storage of all note tags listed. Repeatable tags will result in multiple notes (e.g. one note for each XXX tag).
polarity

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Maps: 007(07)
  • Microform: 007(03)
  • Motion Picture: 007(10)
 
productionMethod

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Maps: 007(06)
 
projection

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Maps: 008(22-23)
 
projectionCharacteristic

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Motion Picture: 007(04)
 
provisionActivity

Populated by both the 008 publication date, as well as the 257, 260, 261, 262, 264 tags.

The 008(06) indicates the type of date provided and dicates the provisionActivity.type value. For example, an 008(06) = s creates a type = publication. An 008(06) = p creates a type = distribution. The 008(07-10) and 008(11-14) are used to populate the provisionActivity.date value. And the 008 (15-17) is used to populate the provisionActivity.place. See the BF conversion specs for the full details.

The 257 $a populates a provisionActivity.place value.

The 260 $abc will populate a type = publication, with a provisionActivity.place, provisionActivity.agent and provisionActivity.date respectively. The 260 $efg will populate a type = manufacture with a provisionActivity.place, provisionActivity.agent and provisionActivity.date respectively.

The 261 $abdf will populate a type = publication, with a provisionActivity.agent (ab), provisionActivity.date (d) and provisionActivity.place (f). The 261 $e will populate a type = manufacture with a provisionActivity.agent.

The 262 $abc will populate a type = publication, with a provisionActivity.agent (b), provisionActivity.date (c) and provisionActivity.place (a).

The 264 $abc will populate a provisionActivity.place (a), provisionActivity.agent (b) and provisionActivity.date (c). The type of provisionActivity is dictated by the second indicator in the MARC tag (see BF specs).

 

Provides publication, manufacture and distribution details.

The system supports storage of all provision activity data included in the record. When it comes to publication date information displayed in Vega Discovery, priority is given to dates populated by the 008 fixed fields.

provisionActivityStatement

Concatenation of the following MARC tags and subfields, separated by a space:

  • 260 $abc
  • 261 $fabd
  • 262 $abc
  • 264 $abc

Semicolons may be added between subfields if no punctuation exists in the MARC data.

Provides publication details.
recordID Populated by 907 $a ILS bibliographic record ID
reductionRatio

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Microform: 007(06-08)
 
responsibilityStatement Populated by 245 $c  
soundCharacteristic

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Motion Picture: 007(06)
  • Motion Picture: 007(08)
  • Projected Graphic: 007(06)
  • Sound Recording: 007(03-05)
  • Sound Recording: 007(08)
  • Sound Recording: 007(11-12)
  • Videorecording: 007(06)
  • Videorecording: 007(08)
 
soundContent

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Electronic Resource: 007(05)
  • Motion Picture: 007(05)
  • Projected Graphic: 007(05)
  • Videorecording: 007(05)
 
supplementaryContent

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Books: 008(31)
  • Maps: 008(31)
  • 856 $uyz when second indicator = 2
 
tableOfContents Concatenation of the 505 $agrt with a space between subfields  
title

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • 210
  • 222
  • 242
  • 245
  • 246
  • 247
Titles are assigned a type based on the MARC tag (e.g. 222= key title). Title fields (e.g. mainTitle, subTitle, part) are populated according ot the BF specifications.
usageAndAccessPolicy

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Concatenation of the 506 $abcdef, with a space between subfields. Also populated by the 506 $u.
  • 540 $a or $u. 540 $c used to populate the source.
 
videoCharacteristic

Populated from the following MARC tags:

  • Videorecording: 007(04)
 

 

BIBFRAME Class: Item

 

BIBFRAME concepts MARC Notes
recordID 852 $d ILS item record ID
dueDate 852 $w ILS item due date (when applicable)
identifiedBy

852 $mn = shelfMark (call number)

852 $g = barcode

ILS item call number and barcode

enumerationAndChronology 852 $h ILS item volume information
physicalLocation 852 $c ILS location code
status 852 $e ILS circulation status

 

BIBFRAME Concept: Agents

BIBFRAME concepts MARC Notes
type

Determined by the MARC tag and first indicator

  • Person = 100, 600, 700
  • Organization = 110, 610, 710
  • Meeting = 111, 611, 711
  • Family Name = 100, 600, 700 (when first indicator = 3)
  • Jurisdiction = 110, 610, 710 (when first indicator = 1
 
identifiedBy Populated by the presence of a $0 or $1 in the agent heading tag (only the tags listed above are considered). Identifier for the concept string. Assigned a type to indicate the type of identifier stored. For example, type = lccn, value = n88607390
label

Concatenation of the following subfields, separated by a space as outlined in the BF conversion specifications.

  • X00 $abcdjq

  • X10 $abcdng

  • X11 $acdengq

     

The relationship of an agent to a work is defined using the role information in the following subfields:
  • X00 $4 or $e

  • X10 $4 or $e

  • X11 $4 or $j

The authority heading string that displays to the patrons in Vega.

For relationships, priority is currently given to the $4 (relator code), so the UI can better support translation of the relationships string.

 

505 tags also checked for matches to existing agents. 

source Determined by the $2 in the MARC heading tag. In the case of a 6XX agent, the second indicator is also considered (same as concepts). The source of the authority heading string.

 

BIBFRAME Concept: Concepts

BIBFRAME concepts MARC Notes
type

Determined by the MARC tag and first indicator

  • Topic = 650, 656
  • Temporal = 648
  • Place = 651, 662
  • Title = 630

653 subject tags are assigned a type based on the second indicator. See BF conversion specs.

Describes the type of concept being referenced.
identifiedBy Populated by the presence of a $0 or $1 in the subject heading tag (only the tags listed above are considered). Identifier for the concept string. Assigned a type to indicate the type of identifier stored. For example, type = lccn, value = sh85021262
label

Concatenation of the following subfields, separated by a space or "–" as outlined in the BF conversion specifications.

  • 648 $avxyz
  • 650 $abcdvxyz
  • 651 $abvxyz
  • 653 $a
  • 656 $akvxyz
  • 662 $abcdfgh
  • 630 $adnpvxyz
The authority heading string that displays to the patrons in Vega.
source Determined by the second indicator in the MARC subject tag or the $2. Per MARC standard, the $2 is checked when the second indicator says to do so. The source of the authority heading string.

 

Keywords: Vega MARC Bibframe Conversion Discover IQ
Solution ID
220729181842213
Last Modified Date
01/30/2026 12:04:31 PM
Taxonomy
  • Solutions > Discovery
Collections
  • Vega

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